From a688d231584b7fd4a6898d3c3d403ddaff4497b1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Bergant <darko.bergant@adacta.si>
Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2015 05:38:28 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] readme
readme
---
.Rbuildignore | 3 +-
README.Rmd | 15 +-
img/README-graph1-1.png | Bin 0 -> 7024 bytes
img/README-graph2-1.png | Bin 0 -> 7023 bytes
img/README-graph3-1.png | Bin 0 -> 7059 bytes
readme.md | 459 +++++++++++++++++-----------------------
6 files changed, 206 insertions(+), 271 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 img/README-graph1-1.png
create mode 100644 img/README-graph2-1.png
create mode 100644 img/README-graph3-1.png
diff --git a/.Rbuildignore b/.Rbuildignore
index 88c8dac..2fdf8c7 100644
--- a/.Rbuildignore
+++ b/.Rbuildignore
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
^.*\.Rproj$
^\.Rproj\.user$
^README\.Rmd$
-^README\.html$
\ No newline at end of file
+^README\.html$
+^IMG$
diff --git a/README.Rmd b/README.Rmd
index 9147d8a..7f822c4 100644
--- a/README.Rmd
+++ b/README.Rmd
@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
---
-title: finstr - Financial Statements in R
+title: "finstr - Financial Statements in R"
output:
- html_document:
- keep_md: yes
+ md_document:
+ variant: markdown_github
---
+```{r, echo = FALSE}
+knitr::opts_chunk$set(
+ collapse = TRUE,
+ comment = "#>",
+ fig.path = "IMG/README-"
+)
+```
```{r, echo=FALSE, results='hide', message=FALSE }
library(dplyr)
@@ -289,7 +296,7 @@ balance_sheet %>%
## See the difference
We can use the same custom hierarchy on lagged differences.
-```{r graph3, fig.width=7.3}
+```{r graph3, fig.width=8}
balance_sheet %>%
diff() %>%
diff --git a/img/README-graph1-1.png b/img/README-graph1-1.png
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diff --git a/readme.md b/readme.md
index f1bd89b..54ab757 100644
--- a/readme.md
+++ b/readme.md
@@ -1,30 +1,20 @@
-# finstr - Financial Statements in R
+**Warning: finstr package is in development. Please use with caution.**
+The purpose of finstr package is to use financial statements data in more structured form and process. For now it is offering:
+1. Data structure for financial statements in tidy and usable format
+2. Validate statement calculations
+3. Function to merge two reporting periods into single object
+4. Calculations on statements data and lagged difference calculation
+The idea in long term is to create an environment for reproducible financial statement analysis. With existing packages like XBRL for XBRL parsing, dplyr for data manipulation and knitr for reproducible research, this shouldn't be a long journey.
-**Warning: finstr package is in development.
-Please use with caution.**
+Get data
+--------
-The purpose of finstr package is to use financial statements
-data in more structured form and process.
-For now it is offering:
-
-1. Data structure for financial statements in tidy and usable format
-2. Validate statement calculations
-3. Function to merge two reporting periods into single object
-4. Calculations on statements data and lagged difference calculation
-
-The idea in long term is to create an environment for reproducible financial
-statement analysis. With existing packages like XBRL for XBRL parsing,
-dplyr for data manipulation and knitr for reproducible research, this
-shouldn't be a long journey.
-
-
-## Get data
Use XBRL package to parse XBRL files. For example:
-```r
+``` {.r}
library(XBRL)
# parse XBRL (Apple 10-K report)
xbrl_url2014 <-
@@ -35,177 +25,148 @@ xbrl_data_aapl2014 <- xbrlDoAll(xbrl_url2014)
xbrl_data_aapl2013 <- xbrlDoAll(xbrl_url2013)
```
-## Prepare statements
-With `xbrl_get_statements` convert XBRL data to *statements* object.
+Prepare statements
+------------------
-```r
+With `xbrl_get_statements` convert XBRL data to *statements* object.
+
+``` {.r}
library(finstr)
st2013 <- xbrl_get_statements(xbrl_data_aapl2013)
st2014 <- xbrl_get_statements(xbrl_data_aapl2014)
st2014
+#> Financial statements repository
+#> From To Rows Columns
+#> StatementOfIncome 2012-09-29 2014-09-27 3 15
+#> StatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncome 2012-09-29 2014-09-27 3 14
+#> StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified 2013-09-28 2014-09-27 2 33
+#> StatementOfCashFlowsIndirect 2012-09-29 2014-09-27 3 33
```
-```
-## Financial statements repository
-## From To Rows Columns
-## StatementOfIncome 2012-09-29 2014-09-27 3 15
-## StatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncome 2012-09-29 2014-09-27 3 14
-## StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified 2013-09-28 2014-09-27 2 33
-## StatementOfCashFlowsIndirect 2012-09-29 2014-09-27 3 33
-```
-
-Statements object is a list of
-several statement objects (ballance sheets, income and cash
-flow statements) which are data frames with elements as columns and periods
-as rows.
-To get a single *statement* use *statements* object as a regular R list:
+Statements object is a list of several statement objects (ballance sheets, income and cash flow statements) which are data frames with elements as columns and periods as rows. To get a single *statement* use *statements* object as a regular R list:
-```r
+``` {.r}
balance_sheet2013 <- st2013$StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified
balance_sheet2014 <- st2014$StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified
income2013 <- st2013$StatementOfIncome
income2014 <- st2014$StatementOfIncome
balance_sheet2014
-```
-
-```
-## Financial statement: 2 observations from 2013-09-28 to 2014-09-27
-## Numbers in 000000
-## 2014-09-27 2013-09-28
-## Assets = 231839 207000
-## + AssetsCurrent = 68531 73286
-## + CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue 13844 14259
-## + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesCurrent 11233 26287
-## + AccountsReceivableNetCurrent 17460 13102
-## + InventoryNet 2111 1764
-## + DeferredTaxAssetsNetCurrent 4318 3453
-## + NontradeReceivablesCurrent 9759 7539
-## + OtherAssetsCurrent 9806 6882
-## + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesNoncurrent 130162 106215
-## + PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet 20624 16597
-## + Goodwill 4616 1577
-## + IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill 4142 4179
-## + OtherAssetsNoncurrent 3764 5146
-## LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity = 231839 207000
-## + Liabilities = 120292 83451
-## + LiabilitiesCurrent = 63448 43658
-## + AccountsPayableCurrent 30196 22367
-## + AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent 18453 13856
-## + DeferredRevenueCurrent 8491 7435
-## + CommercialPaper 6308 0
-## + DeferredRevenueNoncurrent 3031 2625
-## + LongTermDebt 28987 16960
-## + OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent 24826 20208
-## + CommitmentsAndContingencies 0 0
-## + StockholdersEquity = 111547 123549
-## + CommonStocksIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapital 23313 19764
-## + RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit 87152 104256
-## + AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTa 1082 -471
-```
-
-```r
+#> Financial statement: 2 observations from 2013-09-28 to 2014-09-27
+#> Numbers in 000000
+#> 2014-09-27 2013-09-28
+#> Assets = 231839 207000
+#> + AssetsCurrent = 68531 73286
+#> + CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue 13844 14259
+#> + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesCurrent 11233 26287
+#> + AccountsReceivableNetCurrent 17460 13102
+#> + InventoryNet 2111 1764
+#> + DeferredTaxAssetsNetCurrent 4318 3453
+#> + NontradeReceivablesCurrent 9759 7539
+#> + OtherAssetsCurrent 9806 6882
+#> + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesNoncurrent 130162 106215
+#> + PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet 20624 16597
+#> + Goodwill 4616 1577
+#> + IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill 4142 4179
+#> + OtherAssetsNoncurrent 3764 5146
+#> LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity = 231839 207000
+#> + Liabilities = 120292 83451
+#> + LiabilitiesCurrent = 63448 43658
+#> + AccountsPayableCurrent 30196 22367
+#> + AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent 18453 13856
+#> + DeferredRevenueCurrent 8491 7435
+#> + CommercialPaper 6308 0
+#> + DeferredRevenueNoncurrent 3031 2625
+#> + LongTermDebt 28987 16960
+#> + OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent 24826 20208
+#> + CommitmentsAndContingencies 0 0
+#> + StockholdersEquity = 111547 123549
+#> + CommonStocksIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapital 23313 19764
+#> + RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit 87152 104256
+#> + AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTa 1082 -471
tail(income2014, 2)
-```
-
-```
-## Financial statement: 2 observations from 2013-09-28 to 2014-09-27
-## Numbers in 000000
-## 2014-09-27 2013-09-28
-## NetIncomeLoss = 39510 37037
-## + IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTa 53483 50155
-## + OperatingIncomeLoss = 52503 48999
-## + GrossProfit = 70537 64304
-## + SalesRevenueNet 182795 170910
-## - CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold 112258 106606
-## - OperatingExpenses = 18034 15305
-## + ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense 6041 4475
-## + SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense 11993 10830
-## + NonoperatingIncomeExpense 980 1156
-## - IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitNA 13973 13118
-```
-
-
-Information about hierarchical structure of elements (concepts) is stored
-as an attribute to the statement object.
-
-To get more data about the concepts used in the statement call `get_elements`:
-
-```r
+#> Financial statement: 2 observations from 2013-09-28 to 2014-09-27
+#> Numbers in 000000
+#> 2014-09-27 2013-09-28
+#> NetIncomeLoss = 39510 37037
+#> + IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTa 53483 50155
+#> + OperatingIncomeLoss = 52503 48999
+#> + GrossProfit = 70537 64304
+#> + SalesRevenueNet 182795 170910
+#> - CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold 112258 106606
+#> - OperatingExpenses = 18034 15305
+#> + ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense 6041 4475
+#> + SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense 11993 10830
+#> + NonoperatingIncomeExpense 980 1156
+#> - IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitNA 13973 13118
+```
+
+Information about hierarchical structure of elements (concepts) is stored as an attribute to the statement object.
+
+To get more data about the concepts used in the statement call `get_elements`:
+
+``` {.r}
bs_els <- get_elements(balance_sheet2014)
```
-Elements store concept descriptions, balance attribute (debit/credit) and
-parent/child relationships between concepts.
+Elements store concept descriptions, balance attribute (debit/credit) and parent/child relationships between concepts.
-## Validate statement calculation hierarchy
-Recalculate higher order concepts from basic values and check for errors.
+Validate statement calculation hierarchy
+----------------------------------------
+Recalculate higher order concepts from basic values and check for errors.
-```r
+``` {.r}
errors <- check_statement(balance_sheet2014)
errors
+#> Number of errors: 0
+#> Number of elements in errors: 0
```
-```
-## Number of errors: 0
-## Number of elements in errors: 0
-```
-
+Merge statements from different periods
+---------------------------------------
-## Merge statements from different periods
-Use `merge` function to create single financial statement data from two
-statements.
+Use `merge` function to create single financial statement data from two statements.
-```r
+``` {.r}
balance_sheet <- merge( balance_sheet2013, balance_sheet2014 )
```
-The structure of merged balance sheets may differ if XBRL
-taxonomy changed.
-Function `merge` takes care of it by expanding the elements
-hierarchy to fit both statements.
-The values of any missing elements is set to 0.
+The structure of merged balance sheets may differ if XBRL taxonomy changed. Function `merge` takes care of it by expanding the elements hierarchy to fit both statements. The values of any missing elements is set to 0.
To merge all statements from *statements* object use merge on statements objects:
-```r
+``` {.r}
# merge all statements
st_all <- merge( st2013, st2014 )
# check if blance sheets are merged:
balance_sheet <- st_all$StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified
```
-## Calculate new values and ratios
-Statement object (in our case `balance_sheet`) is also a data frame object.
-With elements (or concepts) as columns and time periods as rows.
-It is possible then to use statement as a data frame.
+Calculate new values and ratios
+-------------------------------
-Lets calculate current ratio which is defined by
+Statement object (in our case `balance_sheet`) is also a data frame object. With elements (or concepts) as columns and time periods as rows. It is possible then to use statement as a data frame.
-$$ Current Ratio = \frac{Current Assets}{Current Liabilities} $$
+Lets calculate current ratio which is defined by
+\[ Current Ratio = \frac{Current Assets}{Current Liabilities} \]
-```r
+``` {.r}
library(dplyr)
balance_sheet %>%
mutate(CurrentRatio = AssetsCurrent / LiabilitiesCurrent) %>%
select(endDate, CurrentRatio)
+#> endDate CurrentRatio
+#> 1 2012-09-29 1.495849
+#> 2 2013-09-28 1.678639
+#> 3 2014-09-27 1.080113
```
-```
-## endDate CurrentRatio
-## 1 2012-09-29 1.495849
-## 2 2013-09-28 1.678639
-## 3 2014-09-27 1.080113
-```
-
-By using `calculate` function we can achieve the same result with
-less verbose language. Lets calculate now two ratios:
-
+By using `calculate` function we can achieve the same result with less verbose language. Lets calculate now two ratios:
-```r
+``` {.r}
library(dplyr)
balance_sheet %>% calculate(
@@ -219,30 +180,22 @@ balance_sheet %>% calculate(
) / LiabilitiesCurrent
)
+#> date Current_Ratio Quick_Ratio
+#> 1 2012-09-29 1.495849e-06 1.039360e-06
+#> 2 2013-09-28 1.678639e-06 1.228824e-06
+#> 3 2014-09-27 1.080113e-06 6.704230e-07
```
-```
-## date Current_Ratio Quick_Ratio
-## 1 2012-09-29 1.495849e-06 1.039360e-06
-## 2 2013-09-28 1.678639e-06 1.228824e-06
-## 3 2014-09-27 1.080113e-06 6.704230e-07
-```
-
-
-If we need a period average value we can use a `lag` function.
-For example, to calculate *DSO* (days sales outstanding) over longer periods
-the average of account receivable is compared to net sales.
+If we need a period average value we can use a `lag` function. For example, to calculate *DSO* (days sales outstanding) over longer periods the average of account receivable is compared to net sales.
We will use the formula for yearly preiods:
-$$ DSO = \frac{Average Accounts Receivable}{Sales Revenue} \times 365 $$
+\[ DSO = \frac{Average Accounts Receivable}{Sales Revenue} \times 365 \]
-In this case we need to connect two type of statements: balance sheets and
-income statements. With matching reporting periods it can be accomplished
-with joining two data frames:
+In this case we need to connect two type of statements: balance sheets and income statements. With matching reporting periods it can be accomplished with joining two data frames:
+``` {.r}
-```r
balance_sheet %>%
inner_join( st_all$StatementOfIncome, by = "endDate") %>%
calculate(
@@ -250,27 +203,21 @@ balance_sheet %>%
.AccountReceivableAvg = (.AccountReceivableLast + AccountsReceivableNetCurrent)/2,
DaysSalesOutstanding = .AccountReceivableAvg / SalesRevenueNet * 365
)
+#> Warning in min(x[["decimals"]], na.rm = TRUE): no non-missing arguments to
+#> min; returning Inf
+#> date DaysSalesOutstanding
+#> 1 2012-09-29 NA
+#> 2 2013-09-28 Inf
+#> 3 2014-09-27 Inf
```
-```
-## Warning in min(x[["decimals"]], na.rm = TRUE): no non-missing arguments to
-## min; returning Inf
-```
-
-```
-## date DaysSalesOutstanding
-## 1 2012-09-29 NA
-## 2 2013-09-28 Inf
-## 3 2014-09-27 Inf
-```
-
-The leading dot instructs the calculate function to hide the value. In our case
-only DaysSalesOutstanding is selected in final result.
+The leading dot instructs the calculate function to hide the value. In our case only DaysSalesOutstanding is selected in final result.
Use digits parameter to control rounding:
+``` {.r}
+
-```r
st_all$StatementOfIncome %>% calculate( digits = 2,
Gross_Margin =
@@ -283,20 +230,16 @@ st_all$StatementOfIncome %>% calculate( digits = 2,
NetIncomeLoss / SalesRevenueNet
)
+#> date Gross_Margin Operating_Margin Net_Margin
+#> 1 2011-09-24 4.0e-07 3.1e-07 2.4e-07
+#> 2 2012-09-29 4.4e-07 3.5e-07 2.7e-07
+#> 3 2013-09-28 3.8e-07 2.9e-07 2.2e-07
+#> 4 2014-09-27 3.9e-07 2.9e-07 2.2e-07
```
-```
-## date Gross_Margin Operating_Margin Net_Margin
-## 1 2011-09-24 4.0e-07 3.1e-07 2.4e-07
-## 2 2012-09-29 4.4e-07 3.5e-07 2.7e-07
-## 3 2013-09-28 3.8e-07 2.9e-07 2.2e-07
-## 4 2014-09-27 3.9e-07 2.9e-07 2.2e-07
-```
-
-When running same calculation for different statements, store the
-calculation with `calculation` and run with `do_calculation`:
+When running same calculation for different statements, store the calculation with `calculation` and run with `do_calculation`:
-```r
+``` {.r}
# define calculation
profit_margins <- calculation(
@@ -314,85 +257,70 @@ profit_margins <- calculation(
# run profit margins for two different statements
income2013 %>% do_calculation(profit_margins)
-```
-
-```
-## date Gross_Margin Operating_Margin Net_Margin
-## 1 2011-09-24 4.05e-07 3.12e-07 2.39e-07
-## 2 2012-09-29 4.39e-07 3.53e-07 2.67e-07
-## 3 2013-09-28 3.76e-07 2.87e-07 2.17e-07
-```
-
-```r
+#> date Gross_Margin Operating_Margin Net_Margin
+#> 1 2011-09-24 4.05e-07 3.12e-07 2.39e-07
+#> 2 2012-09-29 4.39e-07 3.53e-07 2.67e-07
+#> 3 2013-09-28 3.76e-07 2.87e-07 2.17e-07
income2014 %>% do_calculation(profit_margins)
+#> date Gross_Margin Operating_Margin Net_Margin
+#> 1 2012-09-29 4.39e-07 3.53e-07 2.67e-07
+#> 2 2013-09-28 3.76e-07 2.87e-07 2.17e-07
+#> 3 2014-09-27 3.86e-07 2.87e-07 2.16e-07
```
-```
-## date Gross_Margin Operating_Margin Net_Margin
-## 1 2012-09-29 4.39e-07 3.53e-07 2.67e-07
-## 2 2013-09-28 3.76e-07 2.87e-07 2.17e-07
-## 3 2014-09-27 3.86e-07 2.87e-07 2.16e-07
-```
-
+Lagged difference
+-----------------
-##Lagged difference
-To calculate lagged difference for entire statement use `diff` function.
-The result is statement of changes between successive years:
+To calculate lagged difference for entire statement use `diff` function. The result is statement of changes between successive years:
+``` {.r}
-```r
balance_sheet %>% diff()
-```
+#> Financial statement: 2 observations from 2013-09-28 to 2014-09-27
+#> Numbers in 000000
+#> 2014-09-27 2013-09-28
+#> Assets = 24839 30936
+#> + AssetsCurrent = -4755 15633
+#> + CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue -415 3513
+#> + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesCurrent -15054 7904
+#> + AccountsReceivableNetCurrent 4358 2172
+#> + InventoryNet 347 973
+#> + DeferredTaxAssetsNetCurrent 865 870
+#> + NontradeReceivablesCurrent 2220 -223
+#> + OtherAssetsCurrent 2924 424
+#> + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesNoncurrent 23947 14093
+#> + PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet 4027 1145
+#> + Goodwill 3039 442
+#> + IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill -37 -45
+#> + OtherAssetsNoncurrent -1382 -332
+#> LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity = 24839 30936
+#> + Liabilities = 36841 25597
+#> + LiabilitiesCurrent = 19790 5116
+#> + AccountsPayableCurrent 7829 1192
+#> + AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent 4597 2442
+#> + DeferredRevenueCurrent 1056 1482
+#> + CommercialPaper 6308 0
+#> + DeferredRevenueNoncurrent 406 -23
+#> + LongTermDebt 12027 16960
+#> + OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent 4618 3544
+#> + CommitmentsAndContingencies 0 0
+#> + StockholdersEquity = -12002 5339
+#> + CommonStockValue 0 -16422
+#> + RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit -17104 2967
+#> + AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTa 1553 -970
+#> + CommonStocksIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalNA 3549 19764
+```
+
+Balance sheet visualization
+===========================
+
+Prepare custom calculation hierarchy
+------------------------------------
+
+There is no human readable way to plot every number of the balance sheet in one graph. The only way to plot a balance sheet is to plot it several times. Each graph should have a limited number of highlited features. The first step is to break a balance sheet to a small number of pieces. We can use calculations to specify these groups of elements.
+
+``` {.r}
-```
-## Financial statement: 2 observations from 2013-09-28 to 2014-09-27
-## Numbers in 000000
-## 2014-09-27 2013-09-28
-## Assets = 24839 30936
-## + AssetsCurrent = -4755 15633
-## + CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue -415 3513
-## + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesCurrent -15054 7904
-## + AccountsReceivableNetCurrent 4358 2172
-## + InventoryNet 347 973
-## + DeferredTaxAssetsNetCurrent 865 870
-## + NontradeReceivablesCurrent 2220 -223
-## + OtherAssetsCurrent 2924 424
-## + AvailableForSaleSecuritiesNoncurrent 23947 14093
-## + PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet 4027 1145
-## + Goodwill 3039 442
-## + IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill -37 -45
-## + OtherAssetsNoncurrent -1382 -332
-## LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity = 24839 30936
-## + Liabilities = 36841 25597
-## + LiabilitiesCurrent = 19790 5116
-## + AccountsPayableCurrent 7829 1192
-## + AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent 4597 2442
-## + DeferredRevenueCurrent 1056 1482
-## + CommercialPaper 6308 0
-## + DeferredRevenueNoncurrent 406 -23
-## + LongTermDebt 12027 16960
-## + OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent 4618 3544
-## + CommitmentsAndContingencies 0 0
-## + StockholdersEquity = -12002 5339
-## + CommonStockValue 0 -16422
-## + RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit -17104 2967
-## + AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTa 1553 -970
-## + CommonStocksIncludingAdditionalPaidInCapitalNA 3549 19764
-```
-
-
-# Balance sheet visualization
-
-## Prepare custom calculation hierarchy
-There is no human readable way to plot every number of the balance sheet in
-one graph.
-The only way to plot a balance sheet is to plot it several times.
-Each graph should have a limited number of highlited features.
-The first step is to break a balance sheet to a small number of pieces.
-We can use calculations to specify these groups of elements.
-
-
-```r
two_sided_bs_calculation <-
list(
"Assets" = calculation(
@@ -409,38 +337,37 @@ two_sided_bs_calculation <-
)
```
-We divided balance sheet to **Assets** and **Liabilities and Equity**.
-Both main groups are divided to only 3 smaller chunks (based on liquidity).
+We divided balance sheet to **Assets** and **Liabilities and Equity**. Both main groups are divided to only 3 smaller chunks (based on liquidity).
-To plot the result we need to run the calculations on a balance sheet and call
-graph plotting function:
+To plot the result we need to run the calculations on a balance sheet and call graph plotting function:
+``` {.r}
-```r
balance_sheet %>%
do_calculation(two_sided_bs_calculation) %>%
plot_double_stacked_bar()
```
-
+
-Another option is to group by date and see assets close to liabilities for
-every year:
+Another option is to group by date and see assets close to liabilities for every year:
+``` {.r}
-```r
balance_sheet %>%
do_calculation(two_sided_bs_calculation) %>%
plot_double_stacked_bar(by_date = TRUE)
```
-
+
+
+See the difference
+------------------
-## See the difference
We can use the same custom hierarchy on lagged differences.
+``` {.r}
-```r
balance_sheet %>%
diff() %>%
do_calculation(two_sided_bs_calculation) %>%
@@ -449,4 +376,4 @@ balance_sheet %>%
dif_labels = c("Money\nconsumption","Money\nsupply"))
```
-
+
--
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